Political Theories & Islamic Ideas of Al-Farabi for State and Government: A Critical Analysis

Abstract

Renowned Muslim philosopher Al-Farabi (870–950 AD) was well-versed in astrology, physics, and the cognitive organization of logic. He is regarded as the second-greatest philosopher after Aristotle, who promoted philosophy education as a means of enhancing one's life. Farabi's political theories have influenced Western thought as well as the Islamic world significantly. According to him, the state exists to protect the well and happiness of its citizens. Additionally, he thought that the state had an obligation to foster an atmosphere that allowed people to reach their greatest potential. According to Farabi, a virtuous state where people live by reason and knowledge and where justice and peace are prevalent among the populace is the ideal state. He thought that a wise ruler who prioritizes the well-being of his people should be in charge of a rich state. The political theories of Farabi, which are based on I slamic principles, are still highly relevant today. He is the earliest Muslim philosopher to outline his theories on state government in a methodical manner. Farabi argues that the Madinah state is the finest instance of an ideal state since it upholds the values outlined in the Madinah al-Fadilah law in addition to providing for fundamental requirements.